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Lab Dept:
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Transfusion Services
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Test Name:
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ABO ONLY
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General Information
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Lab Order Codes:
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ABOGR
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Synonyms:
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ABO; Blood Group; Blood Grouping; Blood Type
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CPT Codes:
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86900 – ABO
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Test Includes:
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ABO forward type and, if applicable, reverse type
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Logistics
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Test Indications:
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Determination of ABO group only. The Von Willebrand’s Factor (vWF) levels have been found to be significantly lower in healthy humans who are group O than in those who belong to other ABO blood groups.
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Lab Testing Sections:
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Transfusion Service
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Phone Numbers:
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MIN Lab: 612-813-6824
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STP Lab: 651-220-6558
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Test Availability:
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Daily, 24 hours
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Turnaround Time:
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30 minutes
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Special Instructions:
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N/A
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Specimen
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Specimen Type:
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Whole blood
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Container:
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Lavender top (EDTA) tube
Alternate: Red top tubes will be accepted, but will delay specimen processing to allow for clotting. (SST tubes are Not acceptable.)
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Draw Volume:
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0.5 – 2 mL blood
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Collection:
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All specimens submitted to the Transfusion Service must be appropriately labeled at bedside with the time and date of collection, and the signature of the individual collecting the specimen. A completed order, either through the HIS or general requisition must accompany each specimen. It is not always necessary to collect a new sample prior to the provision of blood for patients. Consult with the Transfusion Service prior to collecting additional samples if status unknown.
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Special Processing:
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Lab Staff: Refrigerate specimen
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Patient Preparation:
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Refer to Collection of Patient Specimens for full details. The patient must be positively identified when the specimen is collected. The label on the blood specimen must correspond with the identification on the patient’s Medical Record band (or ED ID) and on the physician/practitioner’s orders. The specimen must be timed, dated, and signed by the phlebotomist at the bedside.
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Sample Rejection:
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Gross hemolysis, sample placed in a serum separator tube, specimen tube not properly labeled
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Interpretive
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Critical Values:
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Any ABO discrepancy is routinely investigated by the Transfusion Service.
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Limitations:
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Abnormal plasma proteins, cold agglutinins, bone marrow transplant, recent transfusion, leukemia or malignancy, positive direct Coombs’ test may interfere with typing. In an emergency, transfusion of large amounts of non-group specific plasma or packed red cells may interfere with interpretation of blood typing results. Certain antigens in the ABO system may not be fully developed in the neonate. Fetomaternal hemorrhage may interfere with interpretation as well.
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Methodology:
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Hemagglutination - tube
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Contraindications:
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Not appropriate pretransfusion testing for red cell products. See Crossmatch, Type and Screen, or Newborn Workup
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References:
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Gill J, Endres-Brooks J, Bauer P, et al (1987) The effect of ABO blood group on the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease. Blood 69:1691-5
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