Lab Dept:

Urine/Stool

Test Name:

SPECIFIC GRAVITY, URINE

General Information

Lab Order Codes:

USG

Synonyms:

N/A

CPT Codes:

81003 – Urinalysis; automated, without microscopy

Test Includes:

Specific gravity measurement by colorimetric reagent strip.

Logistics

Test Indications:

Useful for evaluating the concentrating and excretory power of the kidney.

Lab Testing Sections:

Urinalysis

Phone Numbers:

Minneapolis:

Saint Paul:

612-813-6280

651-220-6550

Test Availability:

Daily, 24 hours

Turnaround Time:

2 - 4 hours

Special Instructions:

Indicate method of collection on request form (catheterized, clean-catch, or void). Deliver to lab within 30 minutes of collection. Refrigerate specimen if there is a delay in transport of 30 minutes or more.

Specimen

Specimen Type:

Urine

Container:

Urine cup

Draw Volume:

Entire urine collection

Processed Volume:

Minimum volume: 1 mL

Collection:

Catheterized:

Do not collect urine from the drainage bag.

Clean catheter with an alcohol sponge, puncture with sterile needle, and collect urine in a sterile syringe.

Pour urine into screw-capped, sterile urine container.

Maintain sterility and forward promptly at ambient temperature only.

Clean-Catch, Mid-Stream Specimen

Males:

Clean glans with soap and water.

Rinse area with wet gauze pads.

While holding foreskin retracted, begin voiding.

After several mL have passed, collect 1 - 10 mL without stopping flow of urine.

Females:

Thoroughly clean urethral area with soap and water.

Rinse area with wet gauze pads.

While holding labia apart, begin voiding.

After several mL have passed, collect 1 - 10 mL without stopping flow of urine.

Special Processing:

N/A

Patient Preparation:

See above

Sample Rejection:

Less than 1 mL urine; mislabeled or unlabeled specimens

Interpretive

Reference Range:

Age:

Specific Gravity:

Newborn (<30 days):

1.002 - 1.004

Infant (30 days - 1 year):

1.002 - 1.006

≥1 year:

1.001 - 1.030

Critical Values:

N/A

Limitations:

Radiographic dyes in urine increase the specific gravity by hydrometer or refractometer. Glucose or protein may also increase specific gravity out of proportion to osmolality, as measured by hydrometer or refractometer. Strip method urine specific gravity was reported as having a significant positive bias at urine pH ≤6 and negative bias at pH >7 compared to specific gravity by refractometer. Urine osmolality is considered preferable in some settings. Benitez et al suggest that osmolality is the only accurate measure of urine concentration in newborn infants.

Methodology:

Colorimetric (Reagent Strip)

References:

Bayer Multistix® 10 SG Reagent Strips Package Insert (1992)

Benitez O, et al (1986) Inaccuracy in neonatal measurement of urine concentration with a refractometer. J Pediatr 108(4):613-616

Strasinger SK (1989) Urinalysis and Body Fluids, 2^nd ed, FA Davis Company

Updates:

6/13/2012: Reference range ≥1 year previously listed as 1.001-1.035.